1. Introduction
Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux distributions and is widely used by everyone from beginners to advanced users. However, when you decide to install Ubuntu, you will quickly notice that there are two options: Desktop and Server. Many users find themselves wondering, “Which one should I choose?”
Especially for those who are new to Linux or who want to use Ubuntu for a home server or development environment, deciding which version best fits their needs can be challenging.
In this article, we clearly explain the differences between Ubuntu Server and Ubuntu Desktop, covering their features, use cases, and the types of users each version is best suited for. In the latter sections, we also provide practical guidelines on how to choose the right version, along with answers to frequently asked questions.
If you are interested in Ubuntu but unsure which version to use, be sure to read until the end. By the time you finish this article, you should have a clear understanding of which Ubuntu version is right for you.
2. What Is Ubuntu Desktop? Features and Who It’s Best For
Ubuntu Desktop is a version of Ubuntu designed specifically for desktop and laptop computers. It is beginner-friendly and can be used as an alternative to Windows or macOS, making it popular among a wide range of users. This section explains the main use cases, features, and ideal users for Ubuntu Desktop.
Main Use Cases
Ubuntu Desktop is suitable for a wide variety of everyday computing tasks, including:
- Web browsing (using browsers such as Firefox)
- Document creation and spreadsheets (LibreOffice is preinstalled)
- Video and music playback (media players such as VLC are available)
- Email communication (using applications like Thunderbird)
- Programming and development (well-equipped environments for Python, C, Java, and more)
Because these tasks can be performed in a way very similar to Windows or macOS, Ubuntu Desktop is especially popular as a first Linux operating system.
Key Features
The most notable feature of Ubuntu Desktop is its GUI (Graphical User Interface). This allows users who are not comfortable with the command line to operate the system intuitively using a mouse and windows.
Additional features include:
- Intuitive user experience
The GNOME desktop environment provides a clean, simple, and user-friendly interface. - Rich application ecosystem
A wide range of free applications can be easily installed via the Ubuntu Software Center. - Easy Japanese language support
By selecting Japanese during installation, input methods and menus are automatically configured. - Security and stability
Regular updates ensure strong security, often without the need for third-party antivirus software.
Who Should Use Ubuntu Desktop?
Ubuntu Desktop is especially recommended for:
- Linux beginners
- Users looking for a Windows or macOS alternative
- People who want a comfortable OS for daily PC tasks
- Students and programmers using Linux for development
- Users who prefer GUI-based operation
3. What Is Ubuntu Server? Use Cases and Features for Beginners
Ubuntu Server is a version of Ubuntu specifically designed for server environments. Unlike Ubuntu Desktop, it does not include a GUI by default and is designed to be operated primarily through the command line (CLI). It is lightweight, highly stable, and widely used in professional and enterprise environments.
Main Use Cases
Ubuntu Server is commonly used in the following scenarios:
- Web servers (Apache, Nginx, etc.)
- Database servers (MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc.)
- File servers (Samba, NFS, etc.)
- Mail servers (Postfix, Dovecot, etc.)
- Virtualization and cloud environments (KVM, LXD, OpenStack)
- VPN and remote access setups
Ubuntu Server is designed for systems that provide services rather than direct user interaction, making it suitable for everything from home servers to enterprise-grade infrastructure.
Key Features
The main strengths of Ubuntu Server lie in its lightweight design and flexibility, made possible by the absence of a GUI.
- No GUI means lower resource usage
Without a graphical environment, CPU and memory usage are minimized, allowing maximum performance. - Strong focus on security and stability
Long-term support (up to five years for LTS versions) and server-optimized security updates ensure reliable operation. - Command-line–based operation
While CLI skills are required, this enables powerful automation, scripting, and efficient management. - Minimal default installation
Only essential components are installed by default, allowing users to build a system tailored to their needs.
Who Should Use Ubuntu Server?
Ubuntu Server is suitable for:
- Engineers and IT professionals interested in server administration
- Users who want efficient operation in resource-constrained environments
- Those comfortable with or eager to learn CLI operations
- People building home servers, web servers, or VPNs
- Users working with cloud platforms or virtualization
While beginners can use Ubuntu Server with enough motivation, basic knowledge of Linux commands is highly beneficial.
4. Ubuntu Desktop vs Server: Comparison Table
Ubuntu offers two main editions: Desktop and Server. These versions differ significantly in interface, functionality, and intended use. This section provides a clear comparison to help beginners understand the differences.
Key Differences at a Glance
| Category | Ubuntu Desktop | Ubuntu Server |
|---|---|---|
| User Interface | GUI (Graphical Interface) | CLI (Command Line) |
| Primary Use | General desktop tasks | Server deployment and management |
| Target Users | Beginner to intermediate | Intermediate to advanced |
| Resource Usage | Higher | Lower |
| Preinstalled Software | Office and desktop apps included | Minimal installation |
| Customization | Limited | Highly flexible |
| Security & Stability | Standard | Enterprise-grade |
5. Which Ubuntu Version Is Right for You?
If you understand the differences but still wonder which version suits you best, this section provides clear recommendations based on your goals and skill level.
Choose Ubuntu Desktop If You:
- Are new to Linux
- Want a daily-use PC OS
- Prefer GUI-based operation
- Need a local development environment
Choose Ubuntu Server If You:
- Plan to build web or database servers
- Want efficient, lightweight performance
- Are comfortable with SSH and CLI
- Need a production server environment
6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1. Which version is easier for beginners?
A. Ubuntu Desktop. Its GUI makes it intuitive and similar to Windows or macOS.
Q2. Can I install a GUI on Ubuntu Server?
A. Yes, but it is generally not recommended for server use.
Q3. Can Ubuntu Desktop be used as a server?
A. Yes, but Ubuntu Server is better suited for production environments.
Q4. What is an LTS version?
A. LTS (Long Term Support) versions provide five years of updates and are available for both Desktop and Server.
7. Conclusion
Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server are designed for different purposes. By understanding their strengths, you can choose the version that best fits your needs.
Ubuntu Desktop is ideal for beginners and daily use, while Ubuntu Server excels in performance, stability, and server operations.
Both are powerful, free, and reliable. Start with Desktop if you are new, and explore Server when you are ready to dive deeper into Linux.
