- 1 1. Introduction
- 2 2. What is Ubuntu Desktop? Key Features and Who It’s For
- 3 3. What is Ubuntu Server? A Beginner-Friendly Guide to Its Uses and Features
- 4 4. Comparing Ubuntu Desktop and Server: A Side-by-Side Breakdown
- 5 5. Which Version is Right for You? Recommendations by Use Case
- 6 6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- 7 7. Conclusion
1. Introduction
Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux distributions, widely used by both beginners and advanced users. However, when you decide to install Ubuntu, you’ll quickly notice that there are two main options: the Desktop version and the Server version. This often leads to confusion about which one to choose.
This decision can be especially difficult for those who are new to Linux or want to use Ubuntu for a home server or development purposes. Choosing the right version depends on your specific goals and experience level.
In this article, we’ll clearly explain the differences between Ubuntu Server and Ubuntu Desktop, covering their key features, common use cases, and the types of users each is best suited for. Toward the end, we’ll also offer guidance on which version to pick, along with answers to frequently asked questions.
If you’re interested in Ubuntu but unsure which version is right for you, this guide will help you make an informed decision. By the end, you’ll have a solid understanding of how to choose the best Ubuntu version for your needs.
2. What is Ubuntu Desktop? Key Features and Who It’s For
As the name suggests, Ubuntu Desktop is designed for desktop computers. It’s beginner-friendly and widely used as an alternative to Windows or macOS, making it a popular choice for a broad range of users. In this section, we’ll explain its primary use cases, features, and who will benefit most from using it.
Primary Use Cases
Ubuntu Desktop is a versatile operating system that supports everyday computing tasks. It’s commonly used for:
- Web browsing (using browsers like Firefox)
- Document creation and spreadsheets (LibreOffice comes pre-installed)
- Watching videos and listening to music (compatible with media players like VLC)
- Sending and receiving emails (using clients like Thunderbird)
- Learning to program and software development (includes support for Python, C, Java, and more)
Because Ubuntu Desktop can handle tasks similar to those on Windows or macOS, it’s a great starting point for those new to Linux.
Key Features
The most notable feature of Ubuntu Desktop is its Graphical User Interface (GUI). This allows users to navigate the system using a mouse and windows-based controls, making it intuitive for those unfamiliar with the command line.
Other notable features include:
- User-friendly interface
Powered by the GNOME desktop environment, it offers a clean and simple UI. - Wide range of applications
You can easily install free software through the Ubuntu Software Center. - Easy language support
You can choose “Japanese” (or other languages) during installation for easy multilingual setup. - Security and stability
Regular updates and strong out-of-the-box security make it a reliable choice—even without antivirus software.
Who It’s Best For
Ubuntu Desktop is especially recommended for the following users:
- Beginners using Linux for the first time
- Those who want a replacement for Windows or macOS
- Anyone who wants a smooth experience for everyday tasks
- Students or developers who want to use Linux for coding
- Users who prefer graphical interfaces over command lines
3. What is Ubuntu Server? A Beginner-Friendly Guide to Its Uses and Features
As the name implies, Ubuntu Server is a version of Ubuntu optimized for server environments. Unlike Ubuntu Desktop, which is designed for general PC use, Ubuntu Server doesn’t include a GUI. Instead, it’s operated via the command line (CLI), making it lightweight and highly stable—qualities that make it a popular choice for businesses and developers alike.
Primary Use Cases
Ubuntu Server is used in a wide variety of server environments. It excels in the following scenarios:
- Web servers (e.g., Apache, Nginx)
- Database servers (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL)
- File servers (e.g., Samba, NFS)
- Email servers (e.g., Postfix, Dovecot)
- Virtualization and cloud environments (e.g., KVM, LXD, OpenStack)
- VPNs and remote access setups
In short, Ubuntu Server is ideal for building systems that provide services—from home servers to full-scale enterprise infrastructure.
Key Features
The main strength of Ubuntu Server lies in its lightweight and flexible nature, achieved by omitting a GUI. Here are some key points:
- No GUI = minimal resource usage
By default, no graphical interface is included, which helps minimize CPU and memory usage—allowing more resources to be allocated to server tasks. - Focus on security and stability
Ubuntu Server provides long-term support (up to 5 years for LTS versions) and receives regular security updates, making it a reliable option for critical environments. - Command line-based operation
Without a GUI, you’ll need to use CLI tools, but this approach offers more control, efficiency, and easier automation through scripts. - Minimal and customizable setup
Since it doesn’t come with unnecessary software, you can build a system tailored to your specific needs by installing only the packages you require.
Who It’s Best For
Ubuntu Server is best suited for the following users:
- Engineers or tech enthusiasts interested in building and managing servers
- Those working in resource-limited environments seeking efficient performance
- People comfortable with—or eager to learn—command line operations
- Users who want to set up a home web server or VPN
- Developers or businesses looking to deploy Ubuntu in cloud or virtualized environments
Even beginners can use Ubuntu Server effectively with the right motivation. However, having some basic knowledge of Linux commands will make the learning curve much smoother.
4. Comparing Ubuntu Desktop and Server: A Side-by-Side Breakdown
Ubuntu comes in two main versions: “Desktop” and “Server.” While they share the same core system, they differ significantly in interface, features, and intended use. In this section, we’ll clearly explain these differences in an easy-to-read comparison table designed especially for beginners.
Comparison Table: Key Differences
| Category | Ubuntu Desktop | Ubuntu Server |
|---|---|---|
| User Interface | Includes GUI (Graphical Interface) | Primarily CLI (Command Line Interface) |
| Intended Use | General desktop tasks (browsing, documents, etc.) | Server setup and operation (Web, DB, VPN, etc.) |
| User Skill Level | Beginner to Intermediate | Intermediate to Advanced (Comfortable with CLI) |
| Resource Usage | Higher (due to GUI resource consumption) | Lower (lightweight and optimized performance) |
| Default Applications | Pre-installed apps like LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird | Minimal install—only essential packages |
| Customization | Limited (basic settings via GUI) | Highly customizable (install what you need) |
| Security & Stability | Standard level | Enhanced with long-term support and security updates |
Key Takeaways from the Comparison
- The presence or absence of a GUI is the biggest difference.
Ubuntu Desktop is easy to use thanks to its graphical interface. In contrast, Ubuntu Server prioritizes performance and efficiency by leaving out the GUI. - Choose based on your goal.
If you need a computer for daily tasks, go with Desktop. If you’re planning to run a service like a website or VPN, Server is your best bet. - There are also differences in development environments.
Desktop is great for local development. Server is better for deploying web services and managing production environments.
How to Decide Which to Use
If you feel uncomfortable without a GUI or need office tools and email right away, start with Ubuntu Desktop.
On the other hand, if you’re eager to learn Linux commands or want to host your own web service, Ubuntu Server is likely the better option.
5. Which Version is Right for You? Recommendations by Use Case
Now that you understand the differences between Ubuntu Desktop and Server, you might still be wondering: “Which one should I choose for my situation?” In this section, we’ll help you find the right version based on your goals and skill level.
When to Choose Ubuntu Desktop
Ubuntu Desktop is recommended if any of the following apply to you:
- You’re a beginner exploring Linux for the first time
- You want an alternative to Windows or macOS
- You plan to use your computer for everyday tasks like writing documents or browsing the web
- You prefer using a GUI (graphical interface)
- You want to use Linux as a programming or development environment
Ubuntu Desktop provides a visually intuitive experience, making it easy to transition from Windows. It comes with a full set of apps, so you can start using it right out of the box.
When to Choose Ubuntu Server
Ubuntu Server is a better choice for the following scenarios:
- You want to set up a web server or database server
- You’re managing a home or office file server
- You’re comfortable with—or want to learn—SSH and CLI operations
- You plan to use Ubuntu in virtualized or cloud environments
- You don’t need a GUI and want to maximize performance
Ubuntu Server starts with a minimal setup, making it ideal for secure and efficient server deployments. While the learning curve is steeper, it offers great flexibility for experienced users or those willing to learn.
Quick Reference Table: Choose Based on Your Needs
| User Needs & Scenarios | Recommended Version |
|---|---|
| New to Linux and want to try it out | Ubuntu Desktop |
| Need a general-purpose PC | Ubuntu Desktop |
| Doing web development in a GUI environment | Ubuntu Desktop |
| Learning about server and network management | Ubuntu Server |
| Want to run a public-facing server | Ubuntu Server |
| Need a fast and lightweight environment | Ubuntu Server |
6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Even after learning the differences between Ubuntu Server and Desktop, you might still have questions before getting started. In this section, we’ll answer some of the most commonly asked questions in a clear and beginner-friendly way.
Q1. Which version is easier for beginners?
A. Ubuntu Desktop is generally easier for beginners.
Since it includes a GUI (Graphical User Interface), Ubuntu Desktop allows you to perform tasks by clicking icons and menus—much like Windows or macOS. This makes it more accessible for users who are new to Linux.
In contrast, Ubuntu Server relies on the command line for nearly all operations. While powerful, it requires more technical knowledge and is better suited for users who are comfortable with or eager to learn CLI tools.
Q2. Can I install a GUI on Ubuntu Server later?
A. Yes, you can, but it’s something to consider carefully.
You can install a GUI on Ubuntu Server using commands like:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktopHowever, adding a GUI increases resource usage (CPU and RAM), which may defeat the purpose of using a lightweight server OS. In most server setups, it’s better to manage the system using remote tools like SSH or web-based control panels such as Webmin.
Q3. Can I use Ubuntu Desktop as a server?
A. Yes, but it may not be ideal for all cases.
Ubuntu Desktop can run server software like Apache or MySQL, so it’s technically possible to use it as a server. However, it includes many unnecessary GUI components and background services, which can impact performance and security.
For personal or development use, it’s fine. But for production environments, Ubuntu Server is usually a better fit.
Q4. What is an LTS version? Does it apply to both Desktop and Server?
A. LTS stands for “Long Term Support,” and it’s available for both Desktop and Server.
An LTS release provides security updates and bug fixes for 5 years, making it ideal for users who prioritize stability. This is especially important for servers that need to run reliably over a long period.
As of April 2025, the latest LTS release is “Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish).”
7. Conclusion
Ubuntu is available in two main versions: Desktop and Server. Understanding the unique features of each will help you choose the right environment for your needs.
Ubuntu Desktop features a GUI (Graphical User Interface) and is beginner-friendly. It’s a great option if you want to use Linux for daily computing or as a development environment.
Ubuntu Server, on the other hand, is a lightweight, command-line-based OS that offers flexible and efficient control. It’s ideal for setting up web servers, databases, and other networked services—especially for users with some technical knowledge or a desire to learn.
Key Takeaways
- Ubuntu Desktop is a GUI-based all-in-one OS, perfect for beginners.
- Ubuntu Server is for intermediate to advanced users who want lightweight, stable server performance.
- Choosing the right version depends on your goals and experience level.
- Both versions offer LTS (Long Term Support), ensuring 5 years of updates and stability.
Despite being free, Ubuntu is a powerful and reliable operating system. Whether you choose Desktop or Server, you can build a secure and functional environment that fits your needs.
If you’re just getting started, Ubuntu Desktop is a great way to explore Linux. Once you’re comfortable, trying out Ubuntu Server can open up even more possibilities. Enjoy the journey into the world of Linux!
